Heat Pump
An electric HVAC system that moves heat in both directions — cooling like an AC in summer and heating by extracting outdoor heat in winter — using a reversing valve.
Quick answer
Heat Pump: An electric HVAC system that moves heat in both directions — cooling like an AC in summer and heating by extracting outdoor heat in winter — using a reversing valve. Typical cost: $6,000–$14,000 installed for ducted; $4,000–$8,000 for a single-zone mini-split..
Why it matters
Heat pumps deliver 2–4× the heat per dollar of electricity vs resistance heat, and qualify for a 30% federal tax credit up to $2,000. For most US climates they're now the most cost-effective HVAC upgrade.
Typical cost
$6,000–$14,000 installed for ducted; $4,000–$8,000 for a single-zone mini-split.
Pros
- • Heating and cooling in one system
- • Up to 4× efficient vs furnace + AC
- • 30% federal tax credit
- • Reduces home carbon footprint
Cons
- • Higher upfront cost than AC-only
- • Cold-climate models needed below 5°F
- • Electrical service upgrade sometimes required
Common uses
- • Whole-home replacement of aging furnace + AC
- • Adding heating/cooling to additions and ADUs
- • Replacing electric resistance heat
Alternatives
Gas furnace + ACDual-fuel hybrid (heat pump + gas furnace)Geothermal heat pump
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Frequently asked questions
- Do heat pumps work in cold climates?
- Modern cold-climate heat pumps maintain capacity to –5°F to –15°F. Below that, a backup heat strip or dual-fuel furnace takes over.
- How much does a heat pump cost to install?
- $6,000–$14,000 for a ducted whole-home system; mini-splits start at $4,000 for a single zone.
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